Lumbar Herniated Disc

The symptoms of a lumbar herniated disc can vary depending on the severity and location of the herniation. Common symptoms include:

• Lower Back Pain: Often the first sign, this pain can range from a dull ache to a sharp, burning sensation. It may be localized to the lower back or radiate into the buttocks and legs.
• Sciatica: One of the hallmark symptoms, sciatica is characterized by pain radiating down the leg along the path of the sciatic nerve. It often affects one side of the body.
• Numbness or Tingling: Patients may experience a tingling or numb sensation in the leg or foot, indicating nerve involvement.
• Weakness: Muscle weakness in the leg or foot can occur, making it difficult to walk or stand.
• Loss of Reflexes: In some cases, the reflexes in the knee or ankle may be diminished.

Lumbar herniated discs can result from various factors, including:

• Degenerative Disc Disease: Age-related wear and tear can weaken the discs, making them more susceptible to herniation.
• Injury or Trauma: Sudden impact, such as a fall or car accident, can cause a disc to rupture or herniate.
• Repetitive Strain: Activities that involve heavy lifting, bending, or twisting can increase the risk of disc herniation over time.
• Genetic Predisposition: Some individuals may be genetically predisposed to disc herniation due to a family history of spinal conditions.
• Poor Posture and Sedentary Lifestyle: Prolonged sitting, especially with poor posture, can contribute to disc degeneration and herniation.

Minimally Invasive Spine Surgeon Dr. Mathew Cyriac will review your medical history and inquire about your symptoms and injuries. The physical exam will focus on detecting signs of nerve compression, such as muscle weakness, abnormal reflexes, or changes in sensation. Imaging tests, such as an X-ray, will be ordered to view changes in the height of the disc space, and an MRI provides a detailed image of the soft tissues in the spine, showing the extent of the herniation and any nerve involvement. In some cases, a CT scan or electromyography (EMG) may be recommended to evaluate nerve function and pinpoint the source of pain.

A herniated lumbar disc causes significant pain and neurological symptoms due to nerve compression. While some cases can be managed conservatively, severe cases often require surgical intervention to alleviate symptoms and prevent long-term complications.

Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial for managing lumbar herniated discs and preventing further complications. Treatment options range from conservative measures, such as physical therapy and medications, to more advanced interventions like epidural steroid injections or surgery, depending on the severity of the condition and the patient’s overall health.