Cervical Herniated Disc
The cervical spine in the neck consists of seven vertebrae (C1 to C7) with discs in between, which serve as cushions and provide flexibility and support to the neck.
A herniated cervical disc, commonly referred to as a slipped or ruptured disc, is a condition in which the soft inner core of a spinal disc, called the nucleus pulposus, leaks out through a tear in the disc’s tougher outer layer, known as the annulus fibrosus. This can result in pressure on the nearby nerves or the spinal cord, causing pain and neurological symptoms.
The symptoms of a herniated cervical disc can vary depending on the severity of the herniation and the location of the affected nerve roots. Common symptoms include:
- Neck pain: Often localized to one side of the neck, which may radiate down to the shoulder or arm.
- Radiculopathy: Pain, tingling, or numbness radiating into the arm, hand, or fingers, depending on which nerve root is compressed.
- Muscle weakness: Weakness in the arm or hand muscles affected by the pinched nerve.
- Reduced range of motion: Stiffness and difficulty moving the neck or turning the head.
- Headaches: Occasionally, the pain may radiate up into the head, causing headaches.
- Loss of coordination or balance: In more severe cases, spinal cord compression can cause issues with coordination, balance, or fine motor control.
A herniated cervical disc can happen for several reasons. One of the most common causes is degenerative disc disease, which occurs as part of the natural aging process. As people age, their discs lose flexibility and water content, making them more prone to damage and herniation.
Other causes include:
- Trauma: Injury to the neck, such as a car accident or fall, can cause a sudden herniation.
- Repetitive stress: Repeated movements, poor posture, or improper lifting techniques can contribute to disc wear over time.
- Genetics: A family history of disc herniation can increase the likelihood of developing the condition.
- Smoking: Smoking can reduce blood flow to the discs, accelerating disc degeneration.
Minimally invasive spine surgeon Dr. Mathew Cyriac will review your medical history and inquire about your symptoms and injuries. The physical exam will focus on detecting signs of nerve compression, such as muscle weakness, abnormal reflexes, or changes in sensation. Imaging tests, such as an X-ray, will be ordered to view changes in the height of the disc space, and an MRI will provide a detailed image of the soft tissues in the spine, showing the extent of the herniation and any nerve involvement. In some cases, a CT scan or electromyography (EMG) may be recommended to evaluate nerve function and pinpoint the source of pain.
A herniated cervical disc causes significant pain and neurological symptoms due to nerve compression in the neck. While many cases can be managed conservatively, severe cases often require surgical intervention to alleviate symptoms and prevent long-term complications. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential to achieve the best possible outcomes.
Schedule a spine consultation today.
Dr. Mathew Cyriac is a board-certified orthopedic surgeon, and a fellowship trained spine surgeon. He specializes in minimally invasive spine surgery techniques and advanced technologies such as robotics. In his practice, he strives to partner with his patients by providing the information and knowledge to help them actively participate in their care. This shared decision-making allows him to provide patients with care designed exclusively for them.
At a Glance
Dr. Mathew Cyriac
- Minimally Invasive Spine Surgeon
- Trains Surgeons Nationwide in New Spine Techniques
- Associate Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery at Tulane University
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